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LTC1100 Precision, Chopper-Stabilized Instrumentation Amplifier
FEATURES
s s s s s s s s s s
DESCRIPTIO
Offset Voltage: 10V Max Offset Voltage Drift: 50nV/C Max Bias Current: 50pA Max Offset Current: 50pA Max Gain Nonlinearity: 8ppm Max Gain Error: 0.05% Max CMRR: 104dB 0.1Hz to 10Hz Noise: 2VP-P Single 5V Supply Operation 8-Pin MiniDIP
The LTC1100 is a high precision instrumentation amplifier using chopper-stabilization techniques to achieve outstanding DC performance. The input DC offset is typically 1V while the DC offset drift is typically 10nV/C; a very low bias current of 50pA is also achieved. The LTC1100 is self-contained; that is, it achieves a differential gain of 100 without any external gain setting resistor or trim pot. The gain linearity is 8ppm and the gain drift is 4ppm/C. The LTC1100 operates from a single 5V supply up to 8V. The output typically swings 300mV from its power supply rails with a 10k load. An optional external capacitor can be added from pin 7 to pin 8 to tailor the device's 18kHz bandwidth and to eliminate any unwanted noise pickup. The LTC1100 is also offered in a 16-pin surface mount package with selectable gains of 10 or 100. The LTC1100 is manufactured using Linear Technology's enhanced LTCMOSTM silicon gate process.
LTCMOS is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation
APPLICATI
s s s
S
Thermocouple Amplifiers Strain Gauge Amplifiers Differential to Single-Ended Converters
TYPICAL APPLICATI
Single 5V Supply, DC Instrumentation Amplifier
1 2 -VIN 3 4 LTC1100
8 7 6 5 0.01F VIN
VOUT
V+ = 5V 0.1F
VOUT = 100 [VIN - (-VIN)]
LTC1100 * TA01
U
UO
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1
LTC1100 ABSOLUTE AXI U RATI GS
Storage Temperature Range ................ -65C to 150C Total Supply Voltage (V + to V -) ............................. 18V Input Voltage ....................... (V + + 0.3V) to (V - - 0.3V) Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)................. 300C
Operating Temperature Range LTC1100M/AM ................................ -55C to 125C LTC1100C/AC .................................... -40C to 85C Output Short Circuit Duration ......................... Indefinite
PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO
TOP VIEW GND REF 1 CMRR 2 -VIN 3 V- 4 J8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD CERAMIC DIP 8 7 6 5 VOUT COMP VIN V+
ORDER PART NUMBER LTC1100ACN8 LTC1100CJ8 LTC1100CN8 LTC1100AMJ8 LTC1100MJ8
N8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PLASTIC DIP
TJMAX = 150C, JA = 100C/W (J) TJMAX = 110C, JA = 130C/W (N)
Contact factory for Industrial grade parts
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VS = 5V, RL = 10k, CC = 1000pF, unless otherwise specified.
PARAMETER Gain Error Gain Nonlinearity Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift Input Noise Voltage Input Bias Current Input Offset Current Common-Mode Rejection Ratio Power Supply Rejection Ratio Output Voltage Swing Supply Current Internal Sampling Frequency Bandwidth VCM = 2.3V to -4.7V (Note 2) VS = 2.375V to 8V RL = 2k, VS = 8V RL =10k, VS = 8V TA = 25C
q
CONDITIONS TA = 25C
q
TA = 25C
q
(Note 1) (Note 1) DC to 10Hz, TA = 25C TA = 25C
q q q q q q q
TA = 25C TA = 25C
2
U
U
W
WW
U
W
TOP VIEW NC 1 GND REF 2 G = 10 3 CMRR 4 NC 5 -VIN 6 V- 7 NC 8 S PACKAGE 16-LEAD PLASTIC SOL
TJMAX = 110C, JA = 100C/W
16 NC 15 VOUT 14 G = 10 13 COMP 12 NC 11 VIN 10 V+ 9 NC
ORDER PART NUMBER LTC1100ACS LTC1100CS
LTC1100ACN (Note 3) MIN TYP MAX 0.01 3 12 1 5 1.9 2.5 10 104 120 - 7.2 - 7.7 2.4 3.4 2.8 18 6.2 7.5 2.8 4.0 115 50 120 50 0.05 0.10 8 30 10 100
MIN
LTC1100CN/CJ TYP MAX 0.01 3 12 1 5 1.9 2.5 10 65 135 65 0.075 0.150 20 60 10 100
UNITS % % ppm ppm V nV/C VP-P pA pA pA dB dB
90 105 - 7.2 - 7.7
110 6.2 7.5 2.4 3.4 2.8 18 3.3 4.5
V V mA mA kHz kHz
LTC1100
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VS = 5V, RL = 10k, CC = 1000pF, unless otherwise specified.
PARAMETER Gain Error Gain Nonlinearity Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift Input Noise Voltage Input Bias Current Input Offset Current Common-Mode Rejection Ratio Power Supply Rejection Ratio Output Voltage Swing Supply Current Internal Sampling Frequency Bandwidth VCM = -4.7V to 2.3V VS = 2.375V to 8V RL = 10k, VS = 8V RL = 2k, VS = 8V TA = 25C
q
CONDITIONS TA = 25C
q
LTC1100AMJ (Note 3) MIN TYP MAX 0.01 3
q
MIN
LTC1100MJ TYP MAX 0.01 3 1 5 1.9 5 0.075 0.150 20 65 10 100 65 450 120
UNITS % % ppm ppm V nV/C VP-P pA pA pA dB dB
0.05 0.11 8 40 10 100 50 300 80 90 95 7.4 6.0 - 7.4 - 7.0
TA = 25C (Note 1) (Note 1) DC to 10Hz, TA = 25C TA = 25C
q q q q q q q
1 5 1.9 5
100 115 - 7.4 - 7.0 2.4 4.2 2.8 18
7.4 6.0 2.4 2.8 18 3.3 4.6
V V mA mA kHz kHz
TA = 25C TA = 25C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VS = 5V, RL = 10k, CC = 1000pF, unless otherwise specified.
PARAMETER Gain Error CONDITIONS TA = 25C, A V =100 A V =100 A V =10 A V =10 TA = 25C, A V =100 A V =100 A V =10 A V =10 (Note 1) (Note 1) DC to 10Hz, TA = 25C TA = 25C
q q q q
LTC1100ACS (Note 3) MIN TYP MAX 0.01 0.01
q q q
MIN
LTC1100CS TYP MAX 0.01 0.01 3 12 1 1 5 1.9 2.5 10 0.075 0.150 0.060 0.150 20 60 10 40 10 100 65 135 65
UNITS % % % % ppm ppm ppm ppm V nV/C VP-P pA pA pA dB dB dB
0.05 0.10 0.04 0.10 8 30 8 25 10 100 50 120 50 90 85 105
Gain Nonlinearity
3 12 1 1 5 1.9 2.5 10 104 95 120 115
Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift Input Noise Voltage Input Bias Current Input Offset Current Common-Mode Rejection Ratio
VCM = -4.7V to 2.3V, A V =100 A V =10 VS = 2.375V to 8V
q q q
110
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
3
LTC1100
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER Output Voltage Swing Supply Current Internal Sampling Frequency Bandwidth G = 100 G = 10 CONDITIONS RL=10k, VS = 8V RL= 2k, VS = 8V TA = 25C
VS = 5V, RL = 10k, CC = 1000pF, unless otherwise specified.
LTC1100ACS (Note 3) MIN TYP MAX
q q q
MIN - 7.2 - 7.7
LTC1100CS TYP MAX 6.2 7.5 2.4 3.4 2.8 18 180 3.3 4.5
UNITS V V mA mA kHz kHz kHz
- 7.2 - 7.7 2.4 3.4 2.8 18 180
6.2 7.5 2.8 4.0
TA = 25C TA = 25C
The q denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range. Note 1: These parameters are guaranteed by design. Thermocouple effects preclude measurement of these voltage levels in high speed automatic test
systems. VOS is measured to a limit determined by test equipment capability. Note 2: See Applications Information, Single Supply Operation. Note 3: Please consult Linear Technology Marketing.
BLOCK DIAGRA S
2 R 7 5 (V +) 99R 1 99R
2 90R 9R 4 10 (V+) 9R R 14 90R
-
3
+
6
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Gain Error vs Temperature
0.05 0.04 VS = 8V RL = 50k 45 40
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN (dB)
35 PHASE 30 25 20 15 10 GAIN (G = 10)
GAIN ERROR (%)
0.03 0.02 0.01 0
GAIN (G = 100)
150 120 90 60 30 0
GAIN NONLINEARITY (ppm)
-0.01 -50
-25
75 0 25 50 TEMPERATURE (C)
4
UW
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R
- +
-
8
R
13
3 6
-
15
+
4 (V -)
R = 2.5k
11
+
7 (V - )
R = 2.5k
LTC1100 * BD02
LTC1100 * BD01
NOTE: FOR A VOLTAGE GAIN OF 10V/V SHORT PIN 2 TO 3, AND PIN 14 TO 15.
Gain, Phase vs Frequency
210 180 25 20
Gain Nonlinearity vs Temperature
VS = 8V RL = 50k
PHASE SHIFT (DEGREES)
15 10 5 0 -5 -50
100
125
5 100
1k
10k FREQUENCY (Hz)
100k
-30 1M
-25
75 0 25 50 TEMPERATURE (C)
100
125
LTC1100 * TPC01
LTC1100 * TPC02
LTC1100 * TPC03
LTC1100
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Supply Current vs Supply Voltage
4
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO (dB)
TA = -55C 3 TA = 25C
COMMON-MODE RANGE (V)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
2
TA = 125C
1
0 2 6 10 12 14 16 4 8 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE V+ TO V - (V) 18
CMRR vs Frequency
120 100 80 G = 100, RC = 100k CC = 10pF
VOUT SWING (V)
10 9
G = 100, RC = CC = 0pF
8 NEGATIVE 7 6 5 NEGATIVE 4 3 2 1 NEGATIVE
PEAK-TO-PEAK OUTPUT SWING (V)
CMRR (dB)
60 40 20 0 0.1
RC
CC
1 3
G = 10, RC = CC = 0pF
2
-
LTC1100
6
+
1 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
Bias Current vs Common-Mode Voltage
360 300 240 VS = 5V
VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/ Hz)
SAMPLING FREQUENCY (kHz)
BIAS CURRENT (pA)
180 120 60 0 - 60
TA = 125C
TA = 25C TA = -55C
-120 -180 -200
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V)
UW
LTC1100 * TPC04
LTC1100 * TPC07
Power Supply Rejection Ratio vs Frequency
150 125 100 75 50 25 0 0.1 1 1k 10 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8
Common-Mode Range vs Supply Voltage
TA = 25C
ODE RAN GE
POS
ITIV
E CO
M
-M MON
NEG
ATIV
E CO
MM
ON-
MOD
E RA
NGE
2
3
4 6 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
7
8
LTC1100 * TPC05
LTC1100 * TPC06
Output Voltage Swing vs Load
10
VS = 8V, TA 85C POSITIVE VS = 5V, TA 85C POSITIVE VS = 2.5V, TA 85C POSITIVE
Undistorted Output Swing vs Frequency
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k
LTC1100 * TPC09
VS = 5V RL = 100k RL = 2k
0 0 1 2 345678 LOAD RESISTANCE (k) 9 10
LTC1100 * TPC08
Voltage Noise vs Frequency
105 90 75 60 45 30 15 0
4 0 3 4
Internal Sampling Frequency vs Supply Voltage
TA = -55C
TA = 25C
2 TA = 125C 1
3
10
100
1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz)
100k
2
6 10 12 14 16 4 8 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE V + TO V - (V)
18
LTC1100 * TPC10
LTC1100 * TPC11
LTC1100 * TPC12
5
LTC1100
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Large-Signal Transient Response G = 100, VS = 5V Small-Signal Transient Response G = 100, VS = 5V Overload Recovery G = 100, VS = 5V
2V/DIV 2V/DIV
10s/DIV
LTC1100 * TPC13
Large-Signal Transient Response G = 10 (LTC1100CS Only), VS = 5V
2V/DIV
10s/DIV
LTC1100 * TPC16
PIN FUNCTIONS
8-Pin DIP (16-Pin SO) Pin 1 (2) GND REF: Connect to system ground. This sets the zero reference for the internal op amps. Pin 2 (4) CMRR: This pin tailors the gain of the internal amplifiers to maximize AC CMRR. For applications which emphasize CMRR requirements, connect a 100k resistor and a 10pF capacitor in series from CMRR to ground. See the Applications section. Pin 3 (6) -VIN: Inverting Input. Pin 4 (7) V - : Negative Supply. Pin 5 (10) V + : Positive Supply. Pin 6 (11) VIN: Noninverting Input. Pin 7 (13) COMP: This pin reduces the bandwidth of the internal amplifiers for applications at or near DC. Clock feedthrough from the internal sampling clock can also be suppressed by using the COMP pin. The standard compensation circuit is a capacitor from COMP to VOUT, sized to provide an RC pole with the internal 247k resistor (22.5k for LTC1100CS in gain-of-10 mode). See the Applications section. Pin 8 (15) VOUT: Signal Output. 16-Pin SO Package Only (3) G = 10: Short to pin (2) for gain of 10. Leave disconnected for gain of 100. (14) G = 10: Short to pin (15) for gain of 10. Leave disconnected for gain of 100. NOTE: Both pins must be shorted or open to provide correct gain. (1),(5),(8),(9),(12),(16) NC: No Internal Connection.
6
UW
1V/DIV 50mV/DIV
10s/DIV
LTC1100 * TPC14
5s/DIV
LTC1100 * TPC15
Small-Signal Transient Response G = 10 (LTC1100CS Only), VS = 5V
Overload Recovery G = 10 (LTC1100CS Only), VS = 5V
1V/DIV 50ms/DIV 2V/DIV
10s/DIV
LTC1100 * TPC17
1s/DIV
LTC1100 * TPC18
U
U
U
LTC1100
APPLICATI
S I FOR ATIO
Common-Mode Rejection Due to very precise matching of the internal resistors, no trims are required to obtain a DC CMRR of better than 100dB. However, things change as frequency rises. The inverting amplifier is in a gain of 1.01 (1.1 for gain of 10), while the noninverting amplifier is in a gain of 99 (9 for gain of 10). As frequency rises, the higher gain amplifier hits its gain-bandwidth limit long before the low gain amplifier, degrading CMRR. The solution is straightforward -- slow down the inverting amplifier to match the noninverting amp. Figure 1 shows the recommended circuit. The problem is less pronounced in the LTC1100CS in gain-of-10 mode; no CMRR trims are necessary.
- +
3
-
LTC1100 8
6
+
2 100k 10pF
LTC1100 * TA02
Figure 1. Improving AC CMRR
Overcompensation Many instrumentation amplifier applications process DC or low frequency signals only; consequently the 18kHz (180kHz for G = 10) bandwidth of the LTC1100 can be reduced to minimize system errors or reduce transmitted clock noise by using the COMP pin. A feedback cap from COMP to VOUT will react with the 247k internal resistor (22.5k for G = 10) to limit the bandwidth, as in Figure 2.
CB
3
- +
7 8 f 3dB = 1 2 R INT x CB
LTC1100 6
R INT = 247k FOR G = 100 22.5k FOR G = 10
LTC1100 * TA03
Figure 2. Overcompensation to Reduce System Bandwidth
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
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Aliasing The LTC1100 is a chopper-stabilized instrumentation amplifier; like all sampled systems it exhibits aliasing behavior for input frequencies at or near the internal sampling frequency. The LTC1100 incorporates specialized anti-aliasing circuitry which typically attenuates aliasing products by 60dB; however, extremely sensitive systems may still have to take precautions to avoid aliasing errors. For more information, see the LTC1051/ LTC1053 data sheet. Single Supply Operation The LTC1100 will operate on a single 5V supply, and the common-mode range of the internal op amps includes ground; single supply operation is limited only by the output swing of the op amps. The internal inverting amplifier has a negative saturation limit of 5mV typically, setting the minimum common-mode limit at 5mV/1.01 (or 1.1 for gain of 10). The inputs can be biased above ground as shown in Figure 3. Low cost biasing components can be used since any errors appear as a common-mode term and are rejected. The minimum differential input voltage is limited by the swing of the output op amp. Lightly loaded, it will swing down to 5mV, allowing differential input voltages as low as 50V (450V for gain of 10). Single supply operation limits the LTC1100 to positive differential inputs only; negative inputs will give a saturated zero output.
5V RBIAS 6 SENSOR 3 5V
W
U
UO
+ -
5 8 OUTPUT 0V TO 5V
LTC1100 4, 1
1N4148
LTC1100 * TA04
Figure 3.
7
LTC1100
PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO
CORNER LEADS OPTION (4 PLCS) 0.405 (10.287) MAX 8 7 6 5
0.290 - 0.320 (7.366 - 8.128) 0.045 - 0.068 (1.143 - 1.727) FULL LEAD OPTION 0.008 - 0.018 (0.203 - 0.457) 0.385 0.025 (9.779 0.635) 0 - 15
0.300 - 0.320 (7.620 - 8.128)
0.009 - 0.015 (0.229 - 0.381)
0.065 (1.651) TYP 0.125 (3.175) MIN 0.020 (0.508) MIN
(
+0.025 0.325 -0.015 +0.635 8.255 -0.381
)
0.045 0.015 (1.143 0.381) 0.100 0.010 (2.540 0.254)
0.005 (0.127) RAD MIN
0.291 - 0.299 (7.391 - 7.595) (NOTE 2) 0.010 - 0.029 x 45 (0.254 - 0.737)
0 - 8 TYP
0.009 - 0.013 (0.229 - 0.330)
NOTE 1 0.016 - 0.050 (0.406 - 1.270)
NOTE: 1. PIN 1 IDENT, NOTCH ON TOP AND CAVITIES ON THE BOTTOM OF PACKAGES ARE THE MANUFACTURING OPTIONS. THE PART MAY BE SUPPLIED WITH OR WITHOUT ANY OF THE OPTIONS. 2. THESE DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.006 INCH (0.15mm).
8
Linear Technology Corporation
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7487
(408) 432-1900 q FAX: (408) 434-0507 q TELEX: 499-3977
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Dimensions in inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted. J8 Package 8-Lead Ceramic DIP
0.023 - 0.045 (0.584 - 1.143) HALF LEAD OPTION
0.200 (5.080) MAX 0.015 - 0.060 (0.381 - 1.524)
0.005 (0.127) MIN
0.025 (0.635) RAD TYP 1 2 3
0.220 - 0.310 (5.588 - 7.874)
4
0.045 - 0.068 (1.143 - 1.727) 0.014 - 0.026 (0.360 - 0.660)
0.125 3.175 0.100 0.010 MIN (2.540 0.254)
NOTE: LEAD DIMENSIONS APPLY TO SOLDER DIP OR TIN PLATE LEADS.
N8 Package 8-Lead Plastic DIP
0.045 - 0.065 (1.143 - 1.651) 0.130 0.005 (3.302 0.127) 0.400 (10.160) MAX 8 7 6 5
0.250 0.010 (6.350 0.254)
1
2
3
4
0.018 0.003 (0.457 0.076)
S Package 16-Lead Plastic SOL
0.398 - 0.413 (10.109 - 10.490) (NOTE 2) 0.093 - 0.104 (2.362 - 2.642) 0.037 - 0.045 (0.940 - 1.143) 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
0.050 (1.270) TYP
0.004 - 0.012 (0.102 - 0.305)
NOTE 1
0.394 - 0.419 (10.007 - 10.643)
0.014 - 0.019 (0.356 - 0.482) TYP
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
LT/GP 0594 2K REV B * PRINTED IN USA
(c) LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 1994

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